Cov ntaub ntawv caj ces nqa hauv codons ntawm mRNA tam sim no tau nyeem (decoded) los ntawm anticodons ntawm tRNA. Raws li txhua tus codon (triplet) tau nyeem, cov amino acids tau koom ua ke kom txog thaum lub codon nres (UAG, UGA lossis UAA) mus txog. Lub sijhawm no, polypeptide (protein) tau raug tsim tawm thiab raug tso tawm.
Yuav ua li cas thaum hloov pauv hloov pauv tshwm sim?
Frameshift Mutation
Txhua pawg ntawm peb lub hauv paus sib raug rau ib qho ntawm 20 cov amino acids sib txawv siv los tsim cov protein. Yog tias kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam qhov kev nyeem ntawv no, ces tag nrho DNA kab ke tom qab kev hloov pauv yuav raug nyeem tsis raug.
Puas tau hloov pauv hloov pauv ua rau ntxov ntxov nres codons?
Frameshift kev hloov pauv yog kev tshem tawm lossis ntxiv ntawm 1, 2, lossis 4 nucleotides uas hloov cov ribosome nyeem ntawv thiab ua rau kev txiav tawm ntxov ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm qhov tsis muaj tseeb tshiab lossis cov saw txiav tawm codon (TAA, TAG, thiab TGA).
frameshift mutation hloov codons li cas?
Frameshift kev hloov pauv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxig lossis tshem tawm uas hloov cov kab ntawv nyeem ntawm triplet codons, yog li hloov pauv kev txhais lus thiab hloov cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam protein.
Dab tsi yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Ib qho kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxig lossis tshem tawm ntawm tus lej ntawm nucleotides uas tsis yog ntau ntawm peb. CovKev hloov pauv hauv kev nyeem ntawv hloov pauv txhua cov amino acid tom qab qhov kev hloov pauv thiab ua rau cov protein tsis ua haujlwm.
