Kev hloov pauv tshuaj (tseem hu ua ib qho kev hloov pauv lossis ib qho kev hloov pauv ib leeg) yog tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm ib pawg neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov tshuaj sib xyaw yog hloov los ntawm lwm pab pawg ua haujlwm. Kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj chemical.
Kev hloov pauv kev sib piv yog dab tsi?
Tus nqi sib npaug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj saud yog Rate=k[Sub]. Tus nqi tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txiav txim los ntawm nws cov kauj ruam qeeb tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, cov pab pawg tawm tawm ntawm tus nqi tshwj xeeb uas pab txiav txim siab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ceev. Nws suav hais tias qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hauv paus conjugate, qhov zoo dua yog pawg tawm.
Qhov kev hloov pauv rau Chav Kawm 10 yog dab tsi?
Ib qhov kev hloov pauv kuj tseem hu ua ib qho kev hloov pauv hloov, ib qho kev hloov pauv, lossis ib qho kev hloov pauv. Lub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ib qho atom lossis pawg ntawm cov atoms nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule yog hloov los yog hloov los ntawm txawv atoms los yog pab pawg ntawm atoms yog hu ua hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm ib pab pawg ua haujlwm hloov lub atom lossis lwm pab pawg ua haujlwm txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon atom hauv cov khoom sib xyaw.
Yuav ua li cas hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv piav qhia hom kev hloov pauv nrog cov txheej txheem?
Kev hloov pauv tau muab ua ob hom, uasyog lub npe hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nucleophilic thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrophilic. Ob qho kev cuam tshuam no feem ntau txawv ntawm hom atom, uas txuas nrog nws cov molecule qub. Thiab, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nucleophilic, lub atom raug xa mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau.
