2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Anti-Stokes kab muaj nyob rau hauv fluorescence thiab nyob rau hauv Raman spectra thaum lub atoms los yog molecules ntawm cov khoom twb nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo siab lub xeev (raws li thaum kub siab). … Qhov txawv ntawm zaus lossis wavelength ntawm lub emission thiab absorbed teeb yog hu ua Stokes hloov.
Dab tsi ua rau Stokes hloov pauv rau Raman?
Kev hloov pauv ntawm Stokes feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm ob qhov tshwm sim: vibrational so lossis dissipation thiab hnyav reorganization. Ib tug fluorophore yog ib tug dipole, surrounded los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj molecules. Thaum lub fluorophore nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev zoo siab, nws lub sijhawm dipole hloov, tab sis nyob ib puag ncig cov kuab tshuaj molecules tsis tuaj yeem kho sai sai.
Raman hloov pauv li cas?
Feem ntau, Raman hloov pauv feem ntau nyob rau hauv wavenumbers, uas muaj units ntawm inverse length (cm-1). Txhawm rau hloov pauv ntawm spectral wavelength, wavenumbers thiab zaus ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv Raman spectrum, peb tau tsim cov applet no los suav Raman hloov pauv thiab bandwidths.
Stokes hloov pauv qhia koj li cas?
Lub Stokes hloov yog lo lus siv los piav qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm lub wavelength uas lub molecule emits lub teeb yog txheeb ze rau lub wavelength uas lub molecule tau zoo siab.
kab twg yog Raman kab?
Cov kab Raman tshwm sim ntawm frequencies v ±vk , qhov twg v yog thawj zaus thiab vkyog tusfrequencies sib xws rau quanta ntawm molecular vibrations lossis rotations.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau pom kev pom?
Txawm li cas los xij, corneal collagen cross-linking - cov txheej txheem qib siab tau pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hauv xyoo 2016 - tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pom kev hauv cov neeg mob txhua hnub nyoog. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) tsis yog kho rau keratoconus, tab sis nws tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv tus mob kom tsis txhob mob hnyav.
Cov kab kab kab kab kab ua kab mob txaus ntshai npaum li cas?
Nyob rau hauv peb thiab tom ntej instars ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob, Pine processionary caterpillars yog mob heev rau daim tawv nqaij ntawm tib neegthiab lwm yam tsiaj. Kev sib cuag yooj yim nrog cov plaub hau ntawm kab ntsig tuaj yeem ua rau pob khaus hnyav (urticaria) thiab khaus qhov muag, thiab qee tus neeg yuav muaj kev fab tshuaj.
Qhov kev hloov pauv no puas yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Yog li, yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv, piv txwv li, kev ntxig lossis tshem tawm ntawm nucleotide, tshwm sim, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Nws hloov tag nrho cov amino acid ib ntus. Cov kev hloov pauv no yog hu ua frameshift mutation (tseem hu ua kev nyeem ntawv hloov pauv, nyeem ntawv hloov pauv, lossis framing yuam kev).
Puas yog kab kab kab zoo rau lub vaj?
Earwigs yog qhov sib txawv heev uas lawv tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si vaj kab thiab pab tib lub sijhawm. Lawv yog cov tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov khib nyiab thiab ua cov tsiaj nyegvim lawv noj cov teeb meem xws li aphids, mites, thiab cov nematodes uas tsis xav tau, nrog rau lwm cov kab larvae.
Nyob rau hauv kab laum kab noj hniav ntawm foregut thiab hindgut yog kab?
Nyob rau hauv kab laum kab noj hniav ntawm foregut thiab hindgut yog kab nrog Cuticle. Puas yog hindgut ntawm kab laum kab los ntawm cuticle? thiab hindgut hu ua Malpighian tubules pab tshem tawm cov khoom excretory los ntawm haemolymph.
