Ntawm twg ntawm cov hauv qab no yuav ua haujlwm kharasch?

Cov txheej txheem:

Ntawm twg ntawm cov hauv qab no yuav ua haujlwm kharasch?
Ntawm twg ntawm cov hauv qab no yuav ua haujlwm kharasch?
Anonim

Nco ntsoov, cov nyhuv Kharasch feem ntau tshwm sim nrog HBr thiab tsis sib haum xeeb alkenes thiab alkynes. Yog li, qhov kev xaiv raug yog (B). Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv: Alkenes muaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg ntawm unsaturated hydrocarbons piv txwv li ib molecule ntawm alkene muaj tsawg kawg yog ib daim ntawv cog lus ob.

Peroxide nyhuv chav kawm 11 yog dab tsi?

Los ntawm lo lus peroxide nyhuv, peb tsuas txhais tau tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm hydrogen bromide i.e. HBr rau cov alkenes tsis sib haum xeeb tawm tsam Markownikoff txoj cai. … Txij li thaum, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm peroxide, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hu ua cov nyhuv peroxide.

Karasch effect txhais li cas?

Kharasch nyhuv yog ntxiv ntawm HBr rau unsymmetrical alkenes nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Peroxide. Nws muab cov khoom tsis sib xws rau qhov Markovnikov ntxiv yuav muab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem dawb radical.

Qhov twg ntawm cov reagent hauv qab no siv rau hauv cov nyhuv Kharasch?

Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm HBr (tab sis tsis yog ntawm HCl lossis HI)rau cov alkenes tsis sib xws nyob rau hauv muaj cov peroxides xws li benzoyl peroxide tshwm sim tawm tsam Markovnikov txoj cai. Cov nyhuv no hu ua Kharasch effect.

Dab tsi yog kev tawm tsam Markovnikov txoj cai?

Anti Markovnikov txoj cai piav qhia tias ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv alkenes lossis alkynes, cov proton tau ntxiv rau cov pa roj carbon atom uas muaj tsawg kawg ntawm hydrogen.atoms txuas rau nws. Txoj cai Anti Markovnikov ua haujlwm tawm tsam Markovnikov txoj cai thiab hu ua peroxide effect lossis Kharasch effect.

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