2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Base hloov pauv yog yam yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv noob, thiab lawv koom nrog kev sib pauv ntawm ib qho nucleotide rau lwm tus thaum lub sij hawm DNA replication. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm replication, thymine nucleotide tej zaum yuav muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm guanine nucleotide.
4 hom kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Summary
- Germline mutations tshwm sim hauv gametes. Somatic mutations tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lwm lub cev hlwb.
- Chromosomal alterations yog mutations uas hloov chromosome qauv.
- Point mutations hloov ib zaug nucleotide.
- Frameshift kev hloov pauv yog ntxiv lossis tshem tawm ntawm nucleotides uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev nyeem ntawv.
hom kev hloov nucleotide dab tsi?
Muaj peb hom kev hloov DNA: pib hloov pauv, tshem tawm thiab ntxig. Ib qho kev hloov pauv yog hu ua qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv, nco qab qhov hloov pauv ntawm Glu --- Val uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Point mutations yog hom kev hloov pauv ntau tshaj plaws thiab muaj ob hom.
Dab tsi yog hom kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Muaj ob hom kev hloov pauv: kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv hloov pauv.
piv txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Qhov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem: hloov codon rau ib qho uas encodes ib qho amino acid sib txawv thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov me me ntawm cov protein uas tsim tawm. Piv txwv li,sickle cell anemia yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv beta-hemoglobin noob, uas hloov ib qho amino acid hauv cov protein tsim.
Pom zoo:
Qhov kev hloov pauv no puas yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Yog li, yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv, piv txwv li, kev ntxig lossis tshem tawm ntawm nucleotide, tshwm sim, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Nws hloov tag nrho cov amino acid ib ntus. Cov kev hloov pauv no yog hu ua frameshift mutation (tseem hu ua kev nyeem ntawv hloov pauv, nyeem ntawv hloov pauv, lossis framing yuam kev).
Qhov twg yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov kho kom muaj kev ntseeg siab rau kev ntseeg?
Tej zaum qhov kev yeej ua tiav tshaj plaws rau Kev Txhaum Cai Hloov Kho yog qhov kho dua ntawm Roman Catholic domination hauv Poland thiab hauv Hussite Bohemia. Thaum twg Catholic Counter-Reformation? Lub Rooj Sab Laj ntawm Trent yog pawg sab laj ecumenical ntawm lub Koom Txoos Roman Catholic uas tau sib tham los ntawm 1545 txog 1563.
Qhov twg yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Semiconservative replication piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm DNA replication nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov paub hlwb. DNA replication tshwm sim ntawm ntau lub hauv paus pib ntawm kev rov ua dua raws DNA qauv strand. Raws li DNA ob chav helix yog unwound by helicase, replication tshwm sim nyias ntawm txhua tus qauv strand nyob rau hauv antiparallel cov lus qhia.
Qhov kev hloov pauv twg yog xav tias yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Dependent Variable Qhov sib txawv uas nyob ntawm lwm yam uas ntsuas. Cov kev hloov pauv no yuav tsum tau hloov pauv raws li qhov kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv. Nws yog cov nyhuv presumed. Qhov kev tshawb fawb hloov pauv twg yog qhov tshwm sim?
Los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv (TMA) yog qhov isothermal (tsis hloov pauv nucleic acid kub), ib leeg-tube nucleic acid amplification system siv ob lub enzymes, RNA polymerase thiab thim rov qab kev sau ntawv. … Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv los tsom rau RNA thiab DNA.
