2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, lossis coanalgesic, yog tshuaj uas tsis yog tsim los tswj qhov mob tab sis tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj adjuvant yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab (uas feem ntau yog siv rau kev mob hlwb) thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (siv hauv kev kho mob qaug dab peg).
Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho tshuaj analgesic?
Adjuvant analgesics (co-analgesics) yog tshuaj uas nws qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb yog kev tswj hwm tus mob nrog cov teebmeem thib ob ntawm kev ua xua. Mob qog noj ntshav yog ntau yam thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog inflammatory, nociceptive, thiab neuropathic mob subtypes.
Yuav ua li cas hauv qab no yog tshuaj tua kab mob?
Cov tshuaj uas nquag siv hauv chav kawm no suav nrog: baclofen (Lioresal), carisoprodol (Soma), cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), diazepam (Valium), methocarbamol (Robaxin), orphenadine (Norflex), metaxalone (Skelaxin), thiab tizanidine (Zanaflex). Lawv txhua tus ua rau lub hauv paus paj hlwb (CNS) los tsim lawv cov kev nyuaj siab.
Yuav ua li cas piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj adjuvant?
Muaj ntau ntau hom tshuaj ntxiv suav nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, corticosteroids, sedatives, thiab cov leeg nqaij so.
YPuas yog lidocaine yog ib qho tshuaj kho mob ntxiv?
Atypical analgesics, feem ntau siv rau qhov mob ntev, tau siv ntau ntxiv rau kev tswj qhov mob hnyav. Ketamine, pregabalin, gabapentin, i.v. lidocaine, thiab α2agonists muaj qee cov pov thawj ntawm kev ua tau zoo hauv qhov chaw perioperative. Qhov txaus ntshai-cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj adjuvant no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo txiav txim siab hauv txhua kis.
Pom zoo:
Qhov twg yog hais txog qhov kaj los yog qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo?
Vim yog hais txog qhov kaj los yog qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm cov xim. Lub teeb xim yog tint. … Xim tsaus yog hu ua ntxoov ntxoo. Lub kaw lus hu ua dab tsi los txiav txim qhov kaj thiab qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm cov xim? Hue txawv ib xim ntawm lwm tus thiab piav qhia siv cov npe xim xws li ntsuab, xiav, liab, daj, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov twg yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg nyob qhov twg?
Yuav muaj ob lub cev tsis zoo nyob rau hauv lub midbrain. Lawv yog symmetrically positioned, ib tug nyob rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub midline ntawm lub hlwb, thiab lawv tsim ob lub pob nyob rau hauv lub posterior nto ntawm lub paj hlwb nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub superior colliculi.
Qhov twg tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob nyob ntawm qhov kev siv nyiaj siab tshaj plaws yog qhov twg?
marginal utility is zero. Tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob yog siab tshaj thaum marginal utility yog xoom. Qhov no yog vim muaj ntau txoj cai ntawm kev txo qis marginal utility uas hais tias tus neeg siv khoom noj ntau thiab ntau qhov zoo, qhov ntxiv rau tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob poob.
Qhov twg thiab qhov twg yog qhov hav silicon?
Silicon Valley yog ntiaj teb qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis nyob hauv South San Francisco Bay Area ntawm California. Silicon Valley yog lub tsev rau ntau lub tuam txhab thev naus laus zis, software, thiab internet. Qee lub tuam txhab loj hauv cheeb tsam suav nrog Apple, Alphabet's Google, Chevon, Facebook, thiab Visa.
Cov tshuaj twg yog cov tshuaj uas tsis yog tshuaj tiv thaiv inflammatory analgesic?
Txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub txog NSAIDs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj (NSAIDs) yog cov tshuaj uas txo qis lossis txo qhov mob. Cov piv txwv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj hauv pawg no yog aspirin thiab ibuprofen. NSAIDs tuaj nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus dav ntawm non-opioid analgesics.
