2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Iodination ntawm benzene yog ob-kauj ruam electrophilic aromatic hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas benzene tau kho nrog iodine, ua rau tsim cov carbon-iodide tshiab. Nyob rau hauv no electrophilic aromatic hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ib qho electrophile tawm tsam cov benzene uas ua rau kev hloov ntawm hydrogens.
Puas ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm iodination ntawm benzene?
HNO3 yog ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm iodination ntawm benzene.
Qhov twg hauv qab no muaj tseeb txog iodination ntawm benzene?
Cov iodination ntawm benzene yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv rov qab . Yog li ntawd, yield of C6H5Kuv txom nyem heev vim HI ua ke nrog C6H 5Kuv thiab tsim cov reactants rov qab. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm oxidizing tus neeg saib xyuas zoo li HIO 3 los yog HNO3, cov khoom sib koom ua ke HI yog oxidised rau iodine thiab iodination ua tau zoo nyob rau pem hauv ntej..
Yuav ua li cas thaum halogenation ntawm benzene?
Halogenation yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm electrophillic aromatic. Hauv electrophilic aromatic hloov pauv,benzene raug tawm tsam los ntawm electrophileuas ua rau hloov pauv ntawm hydrogens. Txawm li cas los xij, halogens tsis yog electrophillic txaus los rhuav tshem cov aromaticity ntawm benzenes, uas yuav tsum tau ib tug catalyst kom qhib.
Vim li cas oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm iodination ntawm benzene?
Thaum benzene reacted nrog iodine cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog reversible nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nws ua rau kev tsim cov reactants rov qab. Yog li ntawdthiab oxidizing tus neeg saib xyuas zoo li HNO3 oxidizes HI tsim nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau I2 khaws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau pem hauv ntej.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas xam delocalization zog ntawm benzene?
Cov suav delocalization zog rau benzene yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom no, los yog (6α+8β)−(6α+6β)=2β. Uas yog hais tias, lub laij lej delocalization zog yog qhov txawv ntawm lub zog ntawm benzene nrog tag nrho π bonding thiab lub zog ntawm 1, 3, 5-cyclohexatriene nrog alternating ib leeg thiab ob daim ntawv cog lus.
Qhov twg yog electrophile hauv acylation ntawm benzene?
Dab tsi yog electrophile hauv acylation ntawm benzene? Kev piav qhia: Cov electrophile hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrophilic hloov pauv ntawm acetyl chloride (CH 3 COCl) thiab AlCl 3 reacting nrog benzene yog R -CO + . 7. Dab tsi yog cov electrophile hauv Friedel-Crafts alkylation ntawm benzene?
Nyob rau hauv cov sulfonation ntawm benzene cov active hom kev koom tes yog?
Sulphonation ntawm benzene yog ua los ntawm SO3 (electrophile). Yuav ua li cas yog hom kab mob hauv Sulphonation ntawm benzene? Yog li, lub zog electrophile hauv sulfonation ntawm benzene yog sulphur trioxide. Sulphonation ntawm benzene yog dab tsi?
Thaum lub sijhawm ua pa ntawm tes uas ntawm cov hauv qab no tso tawm los ntawm cov khoom lag luam?
Thaum lub sijhawm ua pa aerobic cellular, qabzib reacts nrog oxygen, tsim ATP uas tuaj yeem siv los ntawm tes. carbon dioxide thiab dej yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Hauv kev ua pa ntawm tes, qabzib thiab oxygen hnov qab tsim ATP.
Thaum lub sijhawm sulfonation ntawm benzene h2so4 tsim cov electrophile?
thawj kauj ruam hauv nitration ntawm benzene yog ua kom HNO 3 nrog sulfuric acid los tsim cov electrophile muaj zog, cov nitronium ion. Vim tias nitronium ion yog ib qho zoo electrophile, nws raug tawm tsam los ntawm benzene los tsim Nitrobenzene.
