2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 02:46
Thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus, cov tRNAs nqa cov amino acids rau the ribosome thiab koom nrog lawv cov codons ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd, cov amino acids sib sau ua ke tau koom ua ke raws li lub ribosome, nrog nws cov neeg nyob hauv rRNAs, txav raws mRNA molecule hauv ib qho kev sib tw zoo li ratchet.
TRNA coj cov amino acids nyob qhov twg?
tRNAs coj lawv cov amino acids rau the mRNA nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txiav txim. Qhov kev txiav txim no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev nyiam ntawm codon, ib ntu ntawm peb nucleotides ntawm mRNA, thiab ib qho ntxiv nucleotide triplet ntawm tRNA, hu ua anticodon.
tRNA molecule ua dab tsi thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus?
Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) yog ib hom RNA molecule uas pab txiav txim siab tus tub txib RNA (mRNA) ib ntus rau hauv cov protein. tRNAs ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv ribosome thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus, uas yog txheej txheem synthesizes protein los ntawm mRNA molecule.
Qhov kawg ntawm kev txhais lus yog dab tsi?
Cov amino acid sequence yog qhov kawg ntawm kev txhais lus, thiab paub tias yog polypeptide. Polypeptides tuaj yeem ua rau folding los ua cov protein ua haujlwm.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tRNA yog dab tsi hauv kev cuam tshuam rau cov protein synthesis?
Txhua tRNAs muaj ob txoj haujlwm: txhawm rau txuas tshuaj lom neeg rau ib qho amino acid thiab rau hauv paus-pair nrog codon hauv mRNA kom cov amino acid tuaj yeem ntxiv rau peptide loj hlob.chain. Txhua tRNA molecule raug lees paub los ntawm ib qho thiab tsuas yog ib qho ntawm 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
21 cov lus nug ntsig txog pom
Vim li cas tRNA tseem ceeb hauv kev txhais lus?
Molecules ntawm tRNA yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib piv cov amino acids nrog cov codons tsim nyog hauv mRNA. … Thaum lub sij hawm txhais lus, cov tRNAs nqa cov amino acids mus rau ribosome thiab koom nrog lawv cov codons ntxiv.
TRNA 1pts yog dab tsi?
tRNA lossis Hloov RNA ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhais lus. tRNA muaj anticodon uas cuam tshuam nrog codon ntawm mRNA molecule nrog kev pab ntawm Ribosome coj cov amino acid rau nws tus kheej txais caj npab. Cov amino uas tau coj mus rau tus txais caj npab ntawm tRNA yog tshwj xeeb rau cov codon tam sim no hauv mRNA.
TRNA siv qhov twg?
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov RNA, lossis tRNA, yog coj cov amino acids mus rau ribosome rau cov protein ntau. Txhawm rau kom paub tseeb tias cov amino acids ntxiv rau cov protein hauv ib qho kev txiav txim, tRNA nyeem cov codons los ntawm tus xa xov RNA lossis mRNA.
Muaj pes tsawg cov amino acids?
Roughly 500 amino acids tau raug txheeb xyuas hauv cov xwm txheej, tab sis tsuas yog 20 amino acids ua cov proteins pom hauv tib neeg lub cev. Cia peb kawm txog tag nrho cov 20 amino acids thiab hom amino acids sib txawv.
Tus qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tRNA yog dab tsi?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) yog luv nucleotide RNA saw. Nrog cov qauv L-shaped, tRNA ua haujlwm raws li an 'adaptor' molecule uas txhais peb-nucleotide codon sib lawv liag hauvmRNA rau hauv cov amino acid tsim nyog ntawm cov codon. Raws li qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov amino acids thiab nucleic acids, tRNAs txiav txim siab txoj cai caj ces.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tRNA yog dab tsi hauv kev txhais lus quizlet?
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tRNA yog txhawm rau nqa cov amino acids thiab muab tso rau hauv cov potsition kom tsim tau cov protein uas xav tau. Cov ribosomes yog tsim los ntawm rRNA thiab cov proteins. Qhov tseeb muaj 2 subunits rau txhua ribosome. Lawv lub luag haujlwm yog "clamp" mRNA nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kom nws cov code tuaj yeem nyeem thiab txhais.
TRNA yog dab tsi?
A tRNA, zoo li tus qauv hauv qab no, yog tsim los ntawm ib txoj hlua ntawm RNA (ib yam li mRNA yog). Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hlua siv los ntawm cov qauv 3D nyuaj vim tias lub hauv paus khub tsim ntawm nucleotides hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov molecule. Qhov no ua rau ob-stranded cheeb tsam thiab loops, folding lub tRNA rau hauv ib tug L zoo.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm mRNA thiab tRNA txhais li cas?
Thaum mRNA muaj "cov lus" hais txog yuav ua li cas ua cov amino acids nyob rau hauv cov saw, tRNA yog tus txhais lus tiag tiag. Kev txhais lus ntawm RNA rau hauv cov lus ntawm cov protein yog ua tau, vim tias muaj ntau hom tRNA, txhua tus sawv cev rau cov amino acid (protein tsev thaiv) thiab tuaj yeem txuas nrog RNA codon.
Dab tsi yog ob kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov protein hu ua?
Protein synthesis yog txheej txheem uas cov hlwb ua cov protein. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob theem: transcription thiab translation. Kev hloov pauv yog hloov cov lus qhia caj ces hauv DNA mus rau mRNA hauv lub nucleus. Nws suav nrogpeb kauj ruam: pib, elongation, thiab termination.
Yuav ua li cas rau mRNA tom qab kev txhais lus?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) kho kom haum rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv caj ces los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes mus rau ribosomes hauv cytoplasm, qhov uas nws ua haujlwm ua qauv rau kev tsim cov protein. Thaum mRNAs nkag mus rau cytoplasm, lawv raug muab txhais, khaws cia rau tom qab kev txhais lus, lossis degraded. … Txhua mRNAs yog qhov kawg degraded ntawm tus nqi txhais.
Yuav ua li cas cuam tshuam rau protein synthesis ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus hauv ib lossis ntau qhov tseem ceeb amino acids?
Yog tias kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus hauv ib lossis ntau dua ntawm cov amino acids tseem ceeb no ces protein synthesis tsuas yog txuas ntxiv mus rau qib cuam tshuam nrog thawj zaug txwv amino acid. Tus nqi ntawm txhua cov amino acid uas xav tau hauv kev noj haus yog qhia raws li feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav tau lysine.
YLub luag haujlwm ntawm DNA yog dab tsi hauv kev tsim cov protein?
DNA nqa cov ntaub ntawv caj ces los ua cov proteins. … Cov kab ke hauv paus txiav txim siab cov amino acid ib ntus hauv cov protein. Neeg xa xov liaison RNA (mRNA) yog ib lub molecule uas nqa ib daim qauv ntawm cov cai los ntawm DNA, nyob rau hauv lub nucleus, mus rau ib tug ribosome, qhov twg cov protein yog sib sau los ntawm cov amino acids.
txhais tau li cas?
Cov molecule uas tau los ntawm kev txhais lus yog protein -- lossis ntau dua, kev txhais lus ua rau luv luv ntawm cov amino acids hu ua peptides uas tau stitched ua ke thiab ua cov proteins. Cov txiaj ntsig peptides tau koom nrog rau hauv cov protein, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau koj lub cev cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm.…
3 theem kev txhais lus yog dab tsi?
Kev txhais ntawm mRNA molecule los ntawm ribosome tshwm sim nyob rau hauv peb theem: pib, elongation, thiab termination.
Qhov kawg ntawm kev txhais lus thiab kev txhais lus yog dab tsi?
Cov khoom ntawm kev txhais lus yog RNA, uas tuaj yeem ntsib hauv daim ntawv mRNA, tRNA lossis rRNA thaum cov khoom ntawm kev txhais lus yog polypeptide amino acid saw, uas tsim cov protein..
Yuav muaj pes tsawg hom tRNA muaj?
Muaj 64 yam sib txawv ntawm tRNA molecules hauv ib lub cell. Txhua hom tRNA muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas yog ntxiv rau ib codon ntawm cov caj ces.
Dab tsi yog ob qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tRNA molecules?
Txhua tRNA molecule muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb: thaj tsam trinucleotide hu ua anticodon thiab thaj chaw rau txuas cov amino acid tshwj xeeb.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau pom kev pom?
Txawm li cas los xij, corneal collagen cross-linking - cov txheej txheem qib siab tau pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hauv xyoo 2016 - tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pom kev hauv cov neeg mob txhua hnub nyoog. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) tsis yog kho rau keratoconus, tab sis nws tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv tus mob kom tsis txhob mob hnyav.
Lub sijhawm txhais lus n-formyl-methionine-trna khi rau mrna nrog kev pab ntawm?
Thaum N-formylmethionine (fMet)-tRNA khi nrog P site, tRNA molecule nrog an anticodon uas koom nrog codon ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze pib codon tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov Ib qhov chaw ntawm 70S pib ua haujlwm. TRNA khi rau mRNA li cas? TRNA khi rau codons hauv mRNA li cas?
Lub sijhawm kuv lub sijhawm dawb lossis thaum kuv lub sijhawm dawb?
yog li, qhov no txhais tau tias "thaum kuv lub sijhawm dawb" tsis siv ntauthiab koj muab "hauv kuv lub sijhawm dawb" ntau dua nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm kab lus. Piv txwv li: Kuv tau taug kev tus dev thaum kuv lub sijhawm dawb.
Lub sijhawm ntsiag to ntawm chromatin uas cov amino acids yog methylated?
Histones tuaj yeem ua methylated ntawm lysine (K) thiab arginine (R) residuesnkaus xwb, tab sis methylation feem ntau pom ntawm lysine residues ntawm histone tails H3 thiab H4. Tus Tsov tus tw kawg tshaj plaws ntawm lub nucleosome core yog N-terminal (cov seem raug suav txij li qhov kawg no).
Koj puas tuaj yeem tau txais cov amino acids los ntawm cov nroj tsuag?
Tsiaj zaub mov yog cov khoom muaj protein ntau tshaj plaws. Cov chaw cog qoob loo tsis muaj ib lossis ntau dua cov amino acids, uas ua rau nws nyuaj dua kom tau txais tag nrho cov amino acids uas koj lub cev xav tau. Yuav ua li cas vegans tau txais tag nrho cov amino acids?
