2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Hemiacetals tuaj yeem ua ke hauv cov tshuaj yooj yim. Tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem hnov mob ntxiv los tsim ib qho acetal hauv kev daws teeb meem. … Cyclic hemiacetals yog tsim los ntawm cov suab thaj hauv cov kua dej. Lawv yog qhov ruaj khov txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub me ntsis.
Dab tsi ua rau hemiacetals ruaj khov?
Yog li, rau qhov ruaj khov hemiacetal, peb xav tau nrawm hemiacetal-forming cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thiab thaum lub hemiacetal yog cyclic uas tsuas yog qhov peb muaj: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog intramolecular thiab nucleophilic OH pawg yeej ib txwm nyob ze rau pawg carbonyl, npaj los tawm tsam.
Puas hemiacetals ruaj khov hauv cov kev daws teeb meem?
Yes, hemiacetals ruaj khov hauv kev daws teeb meem. Hauv kev daws teeb meem, CH3O- lossis OH- pawg tsis tuaj yeem raug protonated. Methoxy thiab hydroxyl pawg yog cov pab pawg tsis zoo. Yog li, hauv kev daws teeb meem hemiacetals tsis hloov mus rau hauv Acetals.
Vim li cas acetal tsis ruaj khov hauv cov kua qaub?
Yooj yim ethers muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo sib xws rau acetals nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej yooj yim / nucleophilic. Nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub, acetals yog feem ntau ntau reactive vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov resonance stabilized oxocarbenium ions.
Puas acetals ruaj khov hauv cov kua qaub nruab nrab?
Acetals tsis ruaj khov rau cov kua qaub tab sis ruaj khov rau nruab nrab thiab theem pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv cov pab pawg carbonyl uas muab cov theem nruab nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis cuam tshuam nrog acidic (Brønsted lossis Lewis) cov tshuaj tiv thaivxwm txheej.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog acridine yog cov kua qaub lossis lub hauv paus?
Nws yog ib qho qauv molecule uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog anthracene nrog ib qho ntawm cov pawg CH hauv nruab nrab hloov los ntawm nitrogen. Zoo li cov molecules pyridine thiab quinoline, acridine yog me ntsis yooj yim. Nws yog ib qho yuav luag tsis muaj xim, uas crystallizes hauv koob.
Dab tsi ntawm cov hauv qab no yog cov kua qaub uas muaj zog tshaj chloroacetic acid?
Yog li, los ntawm cov kev xaiv tau muab, trichloroacetic acid yuav yog cov kua qaub uas muaj zog tshaj plaws vim tias muaj peb chlorine atoms tam sim no ntawm tib cov pa roj carbon uas yuav cuam tshuam cov nqi tsis zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua rau Qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws carboxylate ion.
Puas muaj qhov chaw ruaj khov puas txhais tau tias tsis muaj zog nyob ruaj khov?
Thawj zaug nco ntsoov tias lub sijhawm kawg thib ob tsis suav tias yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov muaj zog nyob ruaj khov, yog li, muaj zog ruaj khov tsis tas txhais tau tias tsis muaj zog nyob ruaj khov. Puas muaj zog nyob ruaj khov txhais tau tias tsis muaj zog nyob ruaj khov?
Puas yog hemiacetals ruaj khov hauv lub hauv paus?
Hemiacetals tuaj yeem ua ke hauv cov tshuaj yooj yim. Tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem hnov mob ntxiv los tsim ib qho acetal hauv kev daws teeb meem. … Cyclic hemiacetals yog tsim los ntawm cov suab thaj hauv cov kua dej. Lawv yog ruaj khov txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub me ntsis.
Cov ntsuas olfactory qhia li cas cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus?
Ib qho taw qhia olfactory ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tias thaum muaj kua qaub lossis lub hauv paus ntxiv rau nws, ces cov ntxhiab tsw txawv tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv cov hauv paus whereastsw tsw zoo ib yam hauv cov kua qaub. Qee yam tshuaj uas hloov nws cov ntxhiab hauv Acidic lossis nruab nrab nruab nrab.
