2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Cov nyom rau nitration ntawm aniline tau kov yeej los ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov amino pawg los ntawm acetylation. Cov acetyl pawg txo cov reactivity ntawm lub nplhaib thiab yog li nws oxidation tsis tshwm sim yooj yim nrog nitric acid HNO3.
Qhov twg reagent siv los tiv thaiv cov amino pawg thaum lub sij hawm nitration ntawm aniline?
SOCl2 / Pyridine.
Dab tsi yog qhov khoom kawg ntawm nitration ntawm aniline ua ntej tiv thaiv?
Vim li ntawd, thaum cov nitration ntawm aniline tau ua tiav, nws tsis tsuas yog muab cov khoom siv nitration tab sis kuj muaj qee cov khoom oxidation. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm, yog tias cov nitration ntawm aniline tau ua tiav, cov khoom lag luam loj yogp-nitroaniline thiab m-nitroaniline.
Yuav ua li cas thaum aniline nkag mus rau nitration?
Thaum muaj nitration hauv aniline, cov Nitric Acid protonates aniline los tsim cov Anilinium ion. Tam sim no txij li thaum lub nitrogen atom tsis muaj ib tug khub rau conjugate, nws tsis muaj mesomeric nyhuv ntawm lub nplhaib, tab sis raws li nitrogen yog tam sim no protonated, nws muaj ib tug siab tsis zoo inductive nyhuv.
Vim li cas aniline tsim cov khoom lag luam meta ntawm nitration?
Cov pab pawg anilinium, tsis muaj ib khub electron dawb lawm (txuas nrog H^+), deactivates lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab mus rau kev hloov pauv electrophilic, kuj anilinium ion uas yog cov lus qhia meta. Li no, nitration ntawm aniline muabmeta derivative nrog rau ortho thiab para.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev puas tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau txais, nrog kev pab los ntawm lub cev hauv lub cev, tsim cov hlwb (tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob) los tiv thaiv koj lub cev los ntawm ib tus neeg invader tshwj xeeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb hu ua B lymphocytes tom qab lub cev tau raug rau cov neeg ua phem.
Thaum lub sijhawm tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb?
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv hypothermia Hnav khaub ncaws sov, ntau txheej nrog kev tiv thaiv tes thiab ko taw zoo (tsis txhob txwv lub dab teg ntau dhau, thom khwm, thiab khau). Hnub sov lub taub hau. … Yog ua tau, hloov khaub ncaws qhuav thaum twg khaub ncaws ntub.
Vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv combustion yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation?
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ib txwm ua rau muaj oxygen lossis huab cua. … Hauv combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxygen yog ua ke nrog cov roj qhov chaw feem ntau carbon thiab hydrogen raws li ua rau carbon dioxide thiab dej thiab yog li qhov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation.
Thaum lub sijhawm muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic cov hauv qab no tshwm sim?
Thaum lub sijhawm muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic cov hauv qab no tshwm sim: 1) Substrate yog covalently khi thiab taw qhia nrog qhov sib thooj rau qhov chaw seem seem. 2) Tus nqi tsis zoo ua rau ntawm lub substrate thiab ruaj khov. 3) Oxidation ntawm enzyme ua raws li kev txo qis kom ua tiav lub voj voog catalytic.
Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws?
Anticoagulants tseem hu ua ntshav thinners yog cov tshuaj uas siv los kho thiab tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws. Lawv cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem kev koom tes hauv kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tsom mus rau cov ntshav txhawsyam xws li thrombin, fibrin, thiab vitamin K.
