Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev xav sib haum xeeb nyob rau Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog tau pom nyob rau hauv 14-xyoo pua kev sau ntawv ntawm Marsilius ntawm Padua, tus kws tshawb fawb Italian nom tswv uas tsis lees paub lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Vajtswv. lub papacy, thiab William ntawm Ockham, ib tug kws tshawb fawb lus Askiv uas tau qhia tias tsuas yog lub tsev teev ntuj nkaus xwb-tsis yog ib tus neeg pope …
Dab tsi ua rau Conciliarism?
Kev sib haum xeeb yog kev hloov pauv hauv 14th-, 15th- thiab 16th-century Catholic lub Koom Txoos uas tuav lub hwj chim loj hauv lub Koom Txoos nyob nrog pawg ntseeg Ecumenical, sib nrug los ntawm, lossis txawm tawm tsam, tus txiv plig. Lub zog tau tshwm sim teb rau Western Schism ntawm cov neeg sib tw popes hauv Rome thiab Avignon.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib koom ua ke yog dab tsi?
Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kho cov papal schism tshwm sim los ntawm muaj ob, thiab tom qab peb, popes tib lub sijhawm (saib antipope). Qhov kev txav mus los tau ua tiav, tso tawm lossis lees txais kev tawm ntawm cov neeg popes txhawj xeeb.
Yuav ua li cas muaj teeb meem hauv papacy uas ua rau muaj kev sib haum xeeb?
Qhov laj thawj tam sim ntawm qhov kev sib koom ua ke no yog kev tawm tsam sab hnub poob. Tom qab 1378 muaj ob txoj kab sib cav ntawm popes thiab, los ntawm 1409 mus txog, peb.
Puas yog pope infallible?
Catholicism tuav rawv hais tias paj txiv plig tsis muaj kev txhaum, tsis muaj peev xwm ua yuam kev, thaum nws qhia cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm kev ntseeg lossis kev coj ncaj ncees rau lub Koom Txoos thoob ntiaj teb hauv nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws.taub hau. … Nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, keeb kwm, kev nom kev tswv, kev xav, thaj chaw, lossis lwm yam teeb meem - tsuas yog kev ntseeg thiab kev coj ncaj ncees xwb.
