2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Tsawg reactivity ntawm saturated hydrocarbons yog vim muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon atoms. Paraffins (alkanes) tej zaum yuav muaj cov saw ncaj los yog ceg saw isomers uas muaj cov npe niam txiv sib txawv.
Vim li cas saturated hydrocarbons tsawg reactive dua unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Cov unsaturated hydrocarbons muaj ntau reactive vim muaj ob thiab triple bonded carbon atoms vim cov no tsis muaj zog tshaj li ib tug bonded saturated hydrocarbons vim muaj cov tsis muaj zog pi bonds thiab yog li, thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim, cov unsaturated hydrocarbons tawg yooj yim piv rau …
Vim li cas cov saturated hydrocarbons tsis ua haujlwm?
Saturated hydrocarbon tsuas muaj cov ntawv cog lus sigma xwb, uas ruaj khov thiab nyuaj rau tawgthiab yog li cov no tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Saturated hydrocarbons muaj ob thiab triple daim ntawv cog lus uas ua rau cov molecule reactive rau qhov sib ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab yog li cov no tsis raug ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Vim li cas cov molecules saturated tsawg reactive dua unsaturated molecules?
Saturated hydrocarbons feem ntau tsawg reactive tshaj unsaturated hydrocarbons vim unsaturated hydrocarbons muaj electron-nplua nuj pi bonds uasyog…
Vim li cas cov saturated organic tebchaw tsawg reactive?
Saturated hydrocarbons yog cov molecules ua los ntawm ib qho carbon-carbon bonds; lawv tsis tuaj yeem koom ua kentxiv atoms rau hauv lawv cov qauv, yog li lawv tau hais tias yuav saturated. Cov molecules, hu ua alkanes, ruaj khov thiab tsis heev reactive.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas toluene reactive dua li benzene?
Toluene thiab Phenol muaj ntau reactive dua benzene vim lawv pab pawg ntxiv electron ceev rau lub nplhaib . Toluene's methyl pawg ntxiv cov electron ceev los ntawm cov nyhuv inductive inductive hauv chemistry, cov nyhuv inductive yogib qho cuam tshuam txog kev sib kis ntawm kev sib koom tsis sib xws ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov saw hlau ntawm atoms hauv cov molecule, ua rau ib tug mus tas li dipole nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv cog l
Vim li cas imines ntau dua reactive dua aldehydes?
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau khiav hauv cov kua qaub me me, vim tias cov imine nitrogen yog qhov yooj yim dua li carbonyl oxygen, ntau dua ntawm imine nitrogen yuav protonated dua carbonyl oxygen. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov protonated imine carbon ntau ntau electrophilic (positively polarized).
Vim li cas anhydrides ntau dua reactive dua amides?
Amides yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws, thiab qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias nitrogen yog ib qho muaj txiaj ntsig pub dawb ntawm electrons rau pawg carbonyl. Anhydrides thiab esters tsis ruaj khov me ntsis, vim tias cov pa oxygen ntau dua electronegative dua nitrogen thiab yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Vim li cas acetaldehyde reactive ntau dua formaldehyde?
Thib ob, CH3 pawg hauv acetaldehyde txo qis tus nqi zoo ntawm cabonyl carbon los ntawm +Kuv cuam tshuam rau qee qhov extect uas tsis yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm formaldehyde, Txij li, Nu nres yog qhov zoo nrog ntau tus nqi zoo.
Vim li cas cov molecules ntawm hydrocarbons tsis yog polar?
Hydrocarbons ua tsis yog polar. Yog li, hydrocarbons yog nonpolar vim qhov tsawg dua electronegativity sib txawv ntawm carbon thiab hydrogen atoms tam sim no nyob rau hauv hydrocarbons. Polarity yog qhov txav ntawm electrons lossis ions, vim hydrocarbons tsis yog polar, hydrocarbons yog inert piv rau lwm pab pawg ua haujlwm.
