2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Toluene thiab Phenol muaj ntau reactive dua benzene vim lawv pab pawg ntxiv electron ceev rau lub nplhaib . Toluene's methyl pawg ntxiv cov electron ceev los ntawm cov nyhuv inductive inductive hauv chemistry, cov nyhuv inductive yogib qho cuam tshuam txog kev sib kis ntawm kev sib koom tsis sib xws ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov saw hlau ntawm atoms hauv cov molecule, ua rau ib tug mus tas li dipole nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv cog lus. … Hauv luv luv, pawg alkyl nyiam pub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ua rau cov nyhuv + kuv. https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Inductive_effect
Inductive effect - Wikipedia
thiab pawg hydroxyl hauv phenol tuaj yeem delocalise ib leeg ib khub ntawm cov pa atom rau hauv lub nplhaib (ua qauv qhia rau ntawm daim ntawv dawb).
Vim li cas toluene sai dua benzene?
Yog tias peb tau txais nitrotoluene ntau dua (tag nrho peb isomers) dua li nitrobenzene, toluene tau hnov mob sai dua li benzene. … Tsis muaj cov qauv zoo li no hauv nruab nrab rau nitration ntawm benzene, yog li qhov nruab nrab rau toluene nitration yog ntau ruaj khovthiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas dhau mus sai dua.
Vim li cas toluene thiaj li muaj zog tshaj?
Lus xaus: Toluene ntau reactive mus rau electrophilic nitration vim muaj cov electron pub dawb methyl pawg.
Vim li cas reactivity ntawm NO2 benzene qeeb piv rau benzene?
Ceeb toom tias nitrobenzene tsawg reactive dua benzene vim cov nitropab pawg yog ib tug deactivating substituent. Daim ntawv ceeb toom kuj hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv meta-hloov ntawm nitrobenzene sai dua qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv vim tias cov pab pawg nitro yog pawg meta-directing.
YPuas toluene ntau dua reactive dua benzoic acid?
Vim + kuv cov nyhuv ntawm CH3 hauv toluene, nws yog ntau reactive dua benzene. Vim tias electron tshem tawm ntawm −COOH pawg hauv benzoic acid thiab −NO2 pawg hauv nitrobenzene, ob qho tib si benzoic acid thiab nitrobenzene tsawg reactive dua benzene.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas imines ntau dua reactive dua aldehydes?
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau khiav hauv cov kua qaub me me, vim tias cov imine nitrogen yog qhov yooj yim dua li carbonyl oxygen, ntau dua ntawm imine nitrogen yuav protonated dua carbonyl oxygen. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov protonated imine carbon ntau ntau electrophilic (positively polarized).
Vim li cas anhydrides ntau dua reactive dua amides?
Amides yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws, thiab qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias nitrogen yog ib qho muaj txiaj ntsig pub dawb ntawm electrons rau pawg carbonyl. Anhydrides thiab esters tsis ruaj khov me ntsis, vim tias cov pa oxygen ntau dua electronegative dua nitrogen thiab yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Vim li cas acetaldehyde reactive ntau dua formaldehyde?
Thib ob, CH3 pawg hauv acetaldehyde txo qis tus nqi zoo ntawm cabonyl carbon los ntawm +Kuv cuam tshuam rau qee qhov extect uas tsis yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm formaldehyde, Txij li, Nu nres yog qhov zoo nrog ntau tus nqi zoo.
Vim li cas saturated hydrocarbons tsawg reactive?
Tsawg reactivity ntawm saturated hydrocarbons yog vim muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon atoms. Paraffins (alkanes) tej zaum yuav muaj cov saw ncaj los yog ceg saw isomers uas muaj cov npe niam txiv sib txawv. Vim li cas saturated hydrocarbons tsawg reactive dua unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Thaum twg alkenes reactive dua alkanes?
Alkenes muaj ntau dua li lawv cov alkanes cuam tshuam vim qhov txheeb ze tsis ruaj khov ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus. Lawv feem ntau yuav koom nrog ntau yam kev cuam tshuam, suav nrog kev sib txuas, sib ntxiv, hydrogenation, thiab halogenation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
