Nyob rau hauv mob qog noj ntshav, cov qe ntshav liab yog zoo li cov kab mob los yog lub hli hli. Cov hlwb txhav, nplaum nplaum no tuaj yeem daig hauv cov hlab ntsha me, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb lossis thaiv cov ntshav ntws thiab oxygen mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.
Yuav ua li cas ua rau mob mob hauv cov kab mob ntshav qab zib?
Cells nrog mob cell hemoglobin yog tawv thiab nplaum. Thaum lawv plam lawv cov pa, lawv tsim los ua ib tug kab mob los yog crescent, zoo li tsab ntawv C. Cov hlwb no los ua ke thiab txav tsis tau yooj yim los ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
Dab tsi ua rau tus yam ntxwv mob lub cev zoo li qub?
Sickle cell anemia yog ib yam kab mob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov qe ntshav liab nrog qhov txawv txav ntawm hemoglobin, cov protein uas nqa oxygen thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Cov hemoglobin hloov pauv yog lub npe hu ua hemoglobin S, lossis mob hemoglobin, vim tias nws ua rau cov qe ntshav liab ib txwm ua rau lub cev muaj mob.
hom kev hloov pauv dab tsi ua rau cov hlwb ua rau mob qog noj ntshav?
kab mob qog nqaij hlav yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv beta-globin (HBB) gene uas ua rau tsim qhov txawv txav ntawm cov subunit ntawm hemoglobin - cov protein ua lub luag haujlwm rau nqa oxygen hauv cov ntshav liab. Qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov protein no hu ua hemoglobin S.
4 hom kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Summary
- Germline mutations tshwm sim hauv gametes. Somatic mutations tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lwm lub cev hlwb.
- Chromosomal alterations yog mutations uas hloov chromosome qauv.
- Point mutations hloov ib zaug nucleotide.
- Frameshift kev hloov pauv yog ntxiv lossis tshem tawm ntawm nucleotides uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev nyeem ntawv.
