Thaum protonation, tus nqi kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, carboxylic acids yog, qhov tseeb, tsawg dua qhov yooj yim ketones lossis aldehydes. Ntxiv mus, txawm hais tias carbonic acid (HO-COOH) yog acidic ntau dua li acetic acid, nws yog qhov yooj yim dua.
Koj tuaj yeem qhia tau li cas carboxylic acid yog acidic dua?
Electronegative substituents nce acidity los ntawm inductive electron rho tawm. Raws li qhov xav tau, qhov siab dua qhov electronegativity ntawm qhov hloov pauv ntau dua qhov nce hauv acidity (F > Cl > Br > I), thiab qhov ze dua qhov hloov pauv yog rau pawg carboxyl ntau dua yog nws. cov nyhuv (isomers hauv kab thib 3).
Qhov twg carboxylic acid yog cov kua qaub tshaj plaws?
Ib yam li ntawd, chloroacetic acid, ClCH2 COOH , uas cov hluav taws xob thim tawm cov tshuaj chlorine tau hloov cov hydrogen atom, yog li 100. lub sij hawm muaj zog dua li cov kua qaub dua li acetic acid, thiab nitroacetic acid, TSIS MUAJ 2 CH 2 COOH, tseem muaj zog dua.
Qhov twg hauv qab no yog cov kua qaub tshaj COOH?
Vim li no, p hydroxybenzaldehyde yog, muaj zog tshaj acid.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm acidity ntawm carboxylic acids?
+ Kuv cov nyhuv txo qis cov kua qaub ntawm carboxylic acid thiab -Kuv cov nyhuv ua rau cov kua qaub ntau ntxiv. Txij li qhov kev txiav txim electronegativity ntawm 'C' txuas rau carboxylic acid yog sp>sp2>sp3, li no qhov kev txiav txim yog I > II > III > IV.
