Kev hloov mus rau kev siv nom tswv ntawm lo lus "chaw tos txais" pib xyoo 1810, hauv xeev cov tsev nyob rau sab qaum teb Tebchaws Meskas. Xyoo 1817, ib tsab ntawv xov xwm xa mus rau William Irving ua "tus tswv cuab chaw tos txais" (tsis yog tus tswvcuab raug xaiv) ntawm New York txoj cai lij choj. Nws yog thawj zaug paub siv lub sij hawm luam tawm.
Thaum twg lobbying raug cai?
Nyob rau hauv 1946, Congress tau dhau los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai ntawm Lobbying Act, uas xav kom txhua tus neeg uas siv sijhawm ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm lawv lub sijhawm tos txais cov tswvcuab ntawm tsoomfwv kom tso npe nrog tsoomfwv.
3 hom kev lobbying yog dab tsi?
Yuav tsum muaj peb hom kev lobbying - kev lobbying kev cai lij choj, kev tswj hwm kev txhawb nqa, thiab kev tawm tswv yim nyiaj txiag.
Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Lobbying Act of 1946 ua li cas?
Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946
Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai ntawm Lobbying Act tau muab a system ntawm kev sau npe thiab kev tshaj tawm nyiaj txiag ntawm cov uas sim cuam tshuam txoj cai hauv Congress.
Puas lobbying txhaum cai?
Lobbying yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tsoomfwv kev koom tes niaj hnub thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv raug cai. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, txoj cai rau lobby yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ob qho tib si 1 st Hloov kho thiab Lobbying Qhia tawm Txoj Cai Lij Choj Xyoo 1995, 3 thiab ntxiv los ntawm qhov xav tau kev koom tes hauv peb ib puag ncig kev ywj pheej.
