Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim cov pa roj carbon-carbon bonds hauv organic chemistry. Tshawb nrhiav nws tus kheej los ntawm Lavxias tus kws tshawb fawb Alexander Borodin hauv xyoo 1869 thiab los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws kho mob Charles-Adolphe Wurtz hauv xyoo 1872, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw ua ke ob lub ntsiab lus carbonyl los tsim ib qho tshiab β-hydroxy carbonyl compound.
txhais li cas los ntawm aldol cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
'Aldol' yog cov ntawv luv ntawm aldehyde thiab cawv. Thaum lub enolate ntawm ib qho aldehyde los yog ketone reacts ntawm α-carbon nrog cov carbonyl ntawm lwm molecule nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus los yog acidic tej yam kev mob kom tau β-hydroxy aldehyde los yog ketone, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hu ua Aldol Teb.
aldol tshuaj tiv thaiv yog dab tsi muab piv txwv?
Aldol cov qauv chav nyob muaj nyob hauv ntau cov molecules tseem ceeb, txawm tias tshwm sim los yog hluavtaws. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol tau siv nyob rau hauv loj-loj ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj pentaerythritol thiab cov synthesis ntawm cov kab mob plawv Lipitor (atorvastatin, calcium ntsev).
koj txhais li cas los ntawm aldol?
Nyob rau hauv cov organic chemistry, ib qho aldol piav qhia tus qauv qauv uas muaj 3-hydroxy ketone lossis 3-hydroxyaldehyde. Aldols feem ntau yog cov khoom ntawm aldol ntxiv. Thaum siv ib leeg, lo lus "aldol" yuav xa mus rau 3-hydroxybutanal.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol siv rau dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov kuab tshuaj xws li cawv isophorone thiab diacetone. Nws ua haujlwm liib qho nruab nrab rau kev tsim cov naj hoom. Nws kuj yog siv rau hauv kev tsim tshuaj, unsaturated ketones thiab chalcones hu ua aromatic ketones. Feem ntau, nws yog siv los tsim cov yas yas zoo li.
