2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Thaum kawg, qhov kev nthuav qhia antigen ua rau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas txuas rau cov antigens ntawm cov kab mob, ua rau lawv yooj yim dua rau macrophages ua raws li lawv cov cell membrane thiab phagocytose. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov kab mob no tiv taus adhesion los ntawm macrophages.
Dab tsi yog macrophage secrete?
Thaum macrophages raug inflammatory stimuli, lawv secrete cytokines xws li qog necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, thiab IL-12. Txawm hais tias monocytes thiab macrophages yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cytokines, lawv kuj tau tsim los ntawm cov lymphocytes, endothelial hlwb, thiab fibroblasts.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm macrophage yog dab tsi?
Macrophages yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev uas nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, qhov chaw uas lawv ua haujlwm ua lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv yog tshwj xeeb rau kev nkag siab thiab teb rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntxeem tau los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis thiab cov ntaub so ntswg raug mob los ntawm ntau yam scavenger, qauv lees paub thiab phagocytic receptors 1, 2, 3, 4.
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob dab tsi zais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Adaptive Cells . B hlwb muaj ob lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: Lawv nthuav tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau T hlwb, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, lawv tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npog qhov chaw ntawm cov kab mob thiab ua haujlwm peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: neutralization,opsonization, thiab ntxiv ua kom tiav.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm macrophages nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
Macrophages ua haujlwm li lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev los ntawm phagocytosis thiab ua kom tsis huv ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws xws li kab mob, thiab ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv tus tswv ntawm kev kis kab mob.
Pom zoo:
Puas dendrites secrete neurotransmitters?
tso tawm cov tshuaj neuroactive los ntawm exocytosis los ntawm dendrites yog qhov nthuav dav heev thiab tsis nyob rau hauv ib chav kawm ntawm cov khoom xa tawm: nws tshwm sim hauv ntau lub paj hlwb, thiab suav nrog ntau yam ntawm neuropeptides, classical neurotransmitters thiab taw qhia cov khoom xws li nitric oxide.
Dab tsi yog adrenal cortex secrete?
Cov qog adrenal secretes steroid hormones xws li cortisol thiab aldosterone. Nws kuj ua rau cov precursors tuaj yeem hloov mus rau kev sib deev steroids (androgen, estrogen). Ib feem ntawm cov qog adrenal ua rau adrenaline (epinephrine). Y Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj hormones secreted los ntawm adrenal cortex?
Leej twg secrete hcl hauv plab?
Parietal cells Parietal cells Parietal cells (tseem hu ua oxyntic cells) yog cov hlwb epithelial hauv plabuas zais cov hydrochloric acid (HCl) thiab qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Cov hlwb no nyob rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab uas pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab lub cev ntawm lub plab.
Puas yog macrophages pom nyob rau hauv isolar thiab lymphatic cov ntaub so ntswg?
Macrophages muaj nyob hauv areolar thiab lymphatic cov ntaub so ntswg. Areolar cov ntaub so ntswg yog ib hom xoob connective cov ntaub so ntswg, uas yog cov ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv lub cev uas… Puas pom muaj nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lymphatic?
Rau broadly neutralizing antibodies?
Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Antibodies (bNAbs) yog neutralizing antibodies uas neutralize ntau hom kab mob HIV-1. bNAbs yog qhov tshwj xeeb uas lawv tsom cov epitopes khaws cia ntawm tus kab mob, txhais tau tias tus kab mob yuav hloov mus, tab sis cov phiaj xwm epitopes tseem yuav muaj nyob.
