2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Cov piv txwv feem ntau yog kab uas nteg lawv lub qe rau hauv lossis ze cov kab mob cab, uas yog lawv tus kheej ua kom cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus tswv tsev, dua li cov kab larva. … Tus pupae ntawm thawj hom kab mob parasitoid yog parasitized los ntawm ntau hom hyperparasitic.
Koj txhais li cas los ntawm Hyperparasitism muab ib qho piv txwv?
Hyperparasitism-tus kab mob cab ntawm ib hom rau lwm hom kab mob-tseem nyiam. Polyembryony, kev loj hlob ntawm ntau tus neeg (ntau npaum li 1,000) los ntawm ib lub qe, yog ib qho txawv txav tshwm sim hauv qee cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg Chalcididae thiab Proctotrupidae.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob hyperparasite yog dab tsi?
Ntxiv rau, tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua ib tus kab mob hyperparasite rau cov kab mob; Piv txwv li, Acrodontium crateriforme, Cladosporium oxysporum, thiab Ampelomyces quisqualis yog ob peb fungi uas yog hyperparasites ntawm powdery mildew fungus (Milgroom thiab Cortesi, 2004).
Qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob parasiteid thiab Hyperparasitoid yog dab tsi?
Lawv yog tib leeg endoparasitoids, piv txwv li, tsuas yog ib tus neeg ua tiav nws txoj kev loj hlob hauv tus tswv tsev txawm tias muaj tus kab mob superparasitic (tus poj niam parasitoid nteg ntau dua ib lub qe hauv cov tswv tsev uas txhawb txoj kev loj hlob. ntawm tsuas yog ib lub qe) thiab multiparasitism (ob los yog ntau tshaj poj niam parasitoids nteg qe nyob rau hauv cov tswv uas txhawb nqa lub…
Dab tsi yog hyperparasitehais lub npe ntawm tus kab mob siab?
Npe ntawm hyperparasites:
Hyperparasites, tseem hu ua hyperparasites, suav nrog cov kab xws li sawflies, wasps, npauj, kab thiab lwm yam uas yog tsev neeg Hymenoptera.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog cov dab dab dab dab dab dab dab dab dab dab dab dab?
Myth: Ib tug dab tshos tsis yog neeg ncaj ncees yog tiasnws haum yog. Fact: Tu siab, qhov no yog ib lo lus tsis tseeb uas tau raug perpetuated los ntawm aversive trainers. Txawm hais tias haum rau lub caj dab kom zoo khawb rau hauv cov tawv nqaij rhiab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub caj dab, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov thyroid, esophagus, thiab trachea.
Dab tsi ntawm cov hauv qab no yog qhov piv txwv ntawm kev ntsuas tsis yog ntsuas?
Cov kev xeem uas tsis yog ntsuas suav nrog Chi-Square, Wilcoxon qeb-sum test, Kruskal-Wallis test, thiab Spearman qhov kev sib raug zoo. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov ntsuas tsis yog ntsuas yog dab tsi? Qhov tsuas yog qhov ntsuas tsis yog qhov koj yuav tuaj yeem hla hauv qib qis yog qhov ntsuas chi-square.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov piv txwv thiab piv txwv?
Yog lub ntsiab lus tsis yog "literal" (raws li sau), ces nws yog "figurative". Cov lus "Figurative" tuaj yeem suav nrog cov lus piv txwv, cov lus piv txwv, puns, exaggerations (hyperbole), thiab lwm yam. Puas yog piv txwv thiab piv txwv zoo ib yam?
Qhov twg hauv qab no yog cov piv txwv piv txwv?
Qee yam piv txwv ntawm cov piv txwv piv txwv yog daim duab qhia chaw, duab, duab kos, cov npe sib txuas, thiab cov kab kos. Dab tsi yog qhov piv txwv? Cov sawv cev Analogical ntes qee tus yam ntxwv ntawm qhov lawv sawv cev; symbolic sawv cev tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo rau qhov lawv sawv cev.
Piv txwv thiab qhov sib piv yog dab tsi?
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tsom mus rau qhov sib piv ob yam koj yuav tsis xaiv apples thiab txiv kab ntxwv; es, koj tuaj yeem xaiv los sib piv thiab sib piv ob hom txiv kab ntxwv lossis ob hom txiv apples kom pom qhov sib txawv me ntsis. Piv txwv li, Red Delicious apples qab zib, thaum Granny Smiths yog tart thiab acidic.
