2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Xyoo 1905, Einstein pom tau hais tias cov nyhuv photoelectric tuaj yeem nkag siab yog tias lub zog hauv lub teeb tsis kis tawm ntawm nthwv dej pem hauv ntej tab sis yog concentrated hauv pob ntawv me me, lossis photons. Txhua photon ntawm lub teeb ntawm zaus v muaj lub zog hv. Yog li, Einstein txoj haujlwm ntawm cov nyhuv photoelectric muab kev txhawb nqa rau E=hv.
Einstein ua pov thawj li cas ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob?
Teeb, Einstein tau hais tias, yog lub teeb ntawm cov khoom uas nws lub zog cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov zaus raws li Planck cov qauv. Thaum cov nqaj ntawd raug coj mus rau ib lub hlau, cov photons sib tsoo nrog cov atoms. Yog tias lub photon zaus txaus los tsoo lub electron, kev sib tsoo ua rau cov nyhuv photoelectric.
Leej twg ua pov thawj Einstein's photoelectric effect?
Cov nyhuv photoelectric tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1887 los ntawm German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj cua tsis, Hertz pom tau hais tias, thaum lub teeb ultraviolet ci rau ob tug hlau electrodes nrog ib tug voltage thov nyob rau hauv lawv, lub teeb hloov lub voltage ntawm lub sparking tshwm sim.
Daim duab hluav taws xob ua pov thawj dab tsi?
Cov nyhuv photoelectric ua pov thawj lub teeb muaj cov haujlwm zoo li particle. Cov nyhuv photoelectric tshwm sim thaum photons ci ntsa iab ntawm cov hlau thiab electrons raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau. Cov electrons uas ejected yog txiav txim los ntawm lub wavelength ntawm lub teeb uastxiav txim siab lub zog ntawm photons.
Yuav ua li cas yog cov duab hluav taws xob tsim Einstein tus duab hluav taws xob sib npaug?
Yog li, H tshiab rho tawm W sawv cev rau qhov siab tshaj plaws kinetic zog ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob ejected. Yog V max yog qhov siab tshaj plaws uas lub photoelectron tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, ces H tshiab yog sib npaug rau W ntxiv rau ib nrab MV square max. Qhov no yog qhov sib npaug thib ob. Qhov kab zauv no hu ua Einstein's photoelectric equation.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob?
Gramophone: Txhua lub suab kaw suab, lossis cov cuab yeej ua si yav dhau los-cov suab kaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws siv lub tiaj tiaj tiaj. Phonograph: Txhua lub suab kaw suab, lossis cov cuab yeej siv rau kev ua si cov suab uas tau kaw dhau los, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws siv lub tog raj kheej tig.
Puas siv hluav taws xob hauv qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm qhov loj?
Txawm hais tias tsawg dua, lwm hom kev siv hluav taws xob hauv av tuaj yeem siv los muab ntau lub zog ntau dua. Tapping qhov chaw ntawm cov dej kub faus rau hauv qab lub ntiaj teb saum npoo tuaj yeem muab cua sov rau cov neeg coob coob, thiab tsim kom muaj zog txaus los tsim hluav taws xob loj.
Puas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob puas tsim hluav taws xob?
Coal feem ntau siv roj los tsim hluav taws xobhauv Tebchaws Meskas. Hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob bituminous, subbituminous thee, lossis lignite raug hlawv. Cov cua kub uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov thee yog siv los hloov cov dej mus rau hauv qhov chaw siab zog, uas tsav lub turbine, uas tsim hluav taws xob.
Cadmium puas yog qhov zoo ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob?
Vim nws qhov ua tau zoo raws li tus neeg xyuas hluav taws xob, cadmium feem ntau siv hauv electroplating thiab hauv roj teeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cadmium thiab cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nws cov tebchaw yog tshuaj lom thiab yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob li cas?
Piav seb lub twj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob hla lub membrane li cas. Los ntawm pum electrons hla lub membrane, sab uas cov electrons raug tshem tawm muaj qhov zoo dua, thaum sab tau txais cov hluav taws xob ntau muaj qhov tsis zoo.
