2024 Tus sau: Elizabeth Oswald | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-13 00:07
Dej yog hu ua "cov kuab tshuaj thoob ntiaj teb" vim tias nws muaj peev xwm yaj ntau yam ntau dua li lwm cov kua. … Nws yog dej cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev uas ua rau nws muaj cov kuab tshuaj zoo heev.
Puas yog dej kuab tshuaj muaj los yog tsis?
Dej muaj peev xwm yaj ntau yam khoom sib txawv, uas yog vim li cas nws yog qhov hnyav heev. Thiab, dej yog hu ua the "universal solvent" vim nws dissolves ntau tshaj li lwm yam kua. … Qhov no tso cai rau cov dej molecule tuaj yeem nyiam mus rau ntau lwm hom molecules.
Puas qab zib yog qhov hnyav?
Cov tshuaj uas yaj hauv cov tshuaj yog cov kua. Hauv qhov no, cov kua nplaum yog qab zib. Cov khoom uas ua kom yaj-hauv qhov no, dej-yog cov kuab tshuaj. Qab Zib yog ib qho ntawm cov kua dej ntau tshaj plaws hauv dej.
Cov kuab tshuaj dab tsi tuaj yeem yaj dej?
Qab Zib, sodium chloride, thiab hydrophilic proteinsyog txhua yam khoom uas yaj hauv dej. Cov roj, rog, thiab qee cov kuab tshuaj organic tsis yaj hauv dej vim tias lawv yog hydrophobic.
Vim li cas dej tsis yog qhov hnyav thoob ntiaj teb?
Ib qhov tseeb universal hnyav tsis muaj nyob. Dej feem ntau hu ua universal hnyav vim hais tias nws dissolves tshuaj ntau tshaj li lwm yam hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, dej tsuas yog yaj lwm cov polar molecules.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog cov dej khov ntev ntev dua li cov dej khov nab kuab?
Lwm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm glacials thiab interglacials yog cov kev hloov hauv dej hiav txwv. Thaum lub sij hawm glacial, cov dej hiav txwv poob qhov nruab nrab ntawm 100m raws li cov dej evaporated thiab khaws cia rau hauv cov glaciers loj hlob thiab cov ntawv dej khov.
Cov piv txwv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov kuab tshuaj yog dab tsi?
Solutes yog cov khoom uas yaj rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj thiab peb xaus nrog kev daws. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj yog dej, ethanol, toluene, chloroform, acetone, mis nyuj, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj muaj xws li, qab zib, ntsev, oxygen, thiab lwm yam … Cov dej dej muaj dej (kua kua) thiab yaj oxygen (solute).
Puas muaj cov kuab tshuaj ntau dua li cov kuab tshuaj?
Ib tshuaj yog ib homogeneous sib tov ntawm ob los yog ntau tshaj tshuaj. Cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws yog hu ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab ib qho tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub me me yog hu ua ib tug solute. Tsuas muaj ib qho kuab tshuaj xwb, tab sis muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam.
Vim li cas cov dej khov nab kuab ntab saum dej?
Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej khov ua rau nws ntab? Ntseeg nws los tsis yog, dej khov tiag tiag li 9% tsawg dua li dej. Txij li cov dej hnyav dua, nws hloov cov dej khov sib zog, ua rau cov dej khov ntws mus rau saum. Vim li cas dej khov ntab saum dej hoob 9?
Vim li cas dej yog cov kuab tshuaj zoo rau recrystallization ntawm acetanilide?
Vim li cas dej yog cov kuab tshuaj zoo rau recrystallization ntawm acetanilide? Acetanilide nkag tau yooj yim yaj hauv dej kub, tab sis yog insoluble ntawm qis temps. Yog li, nws dissolves hauv dej kub tab sis crystalizes yooj yim thaum txias.
